Paunotanga chirongwa chinonakidza - kungave kuvaka muchina weCNC wedesktop usina kukanganisa kana ruoko rwerobhoti runofamba zvakanaka - kusarudza zvikamu zvesimba rakakodzera kazhinji ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti ubudirire. Pakati pezvikamu zvakawanda zvinoitwa, ma micro stepper motors ave sarudzo inofarirwa nevagadziri, mainjiniya, nevagadziri nekuda kwekudzora kwavo kwakanyatsojeka, kuchengetedza torque zvakanaka, uye mutengo wakaderera.
Zvisinei, kana watarisana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemamodheru uye maparamita akaomarara, ungasarudza sei mota ye micro stepper yakakodzera robhoti rako kana muchina weCNC? Kusarudza sarudzo isiriyo kunogona kukonzera kururama kusingakodzeri, simba risinganyanyi kukwana, kana kutokundikana kwepurojekiti. Gwaro iri richashanda sebhuku rako rekusarudza rekupedzisira, richikutungamira nhanho nhanho kuti ujekese zvinhu zvese zvakakosha uye uite sarudzo dzakangwara.
Danho 1: Nzwisisa zvinodiwa zvikuru - musiyano mukuru pakati pemarobhoti neCNC
Usati waongorora chero ma parameter, unofanirwa kutsanangura zvinodiwa zvikuru zvekushandisa injini yako.
Mapurojekiti emarobhoti (akadai semaoko emarobhoti, marobhoti anofamba):
Zvinodiwa zvikuru: mhinduro inoshanduka, huremu, saizi, uye kushanda zvakanaka. Majoini emarobhoti anoda kumira kwekutanga nguva nenguva, kumhanya kwakasiyana-siyana, uye kushandurwa kwenzira, uye huremu hwemota hunokanganisa zvakananga mutoro wese uye kushandiswa kwesimba.
Zviratidzo zvikuru: Nyatsoteerera torque speed curve (kunyanya torque yepakati nepakati kusvika yepamusoro) uye simba rehuremu.
Zvishandiso zvemuchina weCNC (zvakadai semichina yekuveza ine 3-axis, michina yekucheka nelaser):
Zvinodiwa zvikuru: kusunda, kutsetseka, kuchengetedza torque, uye kunyatsorongeka. Zvishandiso zvemuchina weCNC zvinofanirwa kukunda kusimba kukuru panguva yekucheka kana kuveza, kuchengetedza kufamba kwakatsetseka kudzivirira kudedera, uye kuisa panzvimbo nemazvo.
Zviratidzo zvikuru: Nyatsoteerera kuchengetedza torque pakumhanya kwakaderera, micro step resolution kuderedza kudedera, uye kuomarara kwemota.
Kunzwisisa musiyano uyu mukuru ndiyo hwaro hwesarudzo dzese dzinotevera.
Danho rechipiri: Kududzirwa kweMaparamita Mashanu Akakosha eMicro stepper Motors
Heano maparamita mashanu makuru aunofanira kungwarira mubhuku reruzivo.
1. Saizi uye torque - chinhu chikuru chesimba
Saizi (nhamba yemuchina): inowanzo ratidzwa mumamirimita (senge NEMA 11, 17, 23). NEMA standard inotsanangura saizi yekuisa mamota, kwete mashandiro awo. NEMA 17 ndiyo saizi inonyanya kufarirwa yemarobhoti edesktop neCNC, zvichiita kuti pave nechiyero chakanaka pakati pehukuru netorque. NEMA 11/14 diki yakakodzera majoini emarobhoti ane mutoro wakareruka; NEMA 23 hombe yakakodzera maturusi makuru emuchina weCNC.
Chengetedza torque: Chiyero chiri N · cm kana Oz · mukati. Iyi ndiyo torque yepamusoro inogona kugadzirwa nemota kana ichishanda asi isingatenderere. Ichi ndicho chiratidzo chakakosha pakuyera simba remota. Kune maturusi emuchina weCNC, unoda torque yakakwana yekubata kuti udzivise masimba ekucheka; Kune marobhoti, zvakakosha kuverenga torque yepamusoro inodiwa pamajoini.
Nzira yekufungidzira torque inodiwa sei?
Kune zvishandiso zvemuchina weCNC, mutemo wakaoma ndewekuti torque inogona kupa axial thrust inosvika 20-30N (inenge 2-3 kg) inodiwa. Izvi zvinoda kushandurwa kuburikidza ne lead uye kushanda zvakanaka kwe screw. Kune marobhoti, kuverenga kwakaomarara kunodiwa zvichienderana nehurefu hweruoko, huremu hwemutoro, uye kukurumidza. Iva nechokwadi chekusiya torque ye30% -50% kuti ugadzirise zvinhu zvisina chokwadi zvakaita sekukweshana uye kusagadzikana.
2.Kona yedanho uye kururama - mweya wedanho
Kona yedanho: senge 1.8 ° kana 0.9 °. Mota ye1.8 ° inotenderera kamwe chete pamatanho mazana maviri, nepo mota ye0.9 ° ichida matanho mazana mana. Kona yedanho idiki, ndiko kuwedzera kwakarurama kwemota. Mota ye0.9 ° inowanzo nyorova kana ichifamba nekumhanya kwakaderera.
3. Kuenzanisa Kwemagetsi Nemagetsi - Kuchinjana Kwevatyairi
Phase current: Unit iAmpere (A). Iyi ndiyo current yepamusoro-soro iyo phase winding yemota inogona kutsungirira. Iyi parameter inosarudza zvakananga kuti ndeipi drive yaunofanira kusarudza. Kugona kwe output current yemutyairi kunofanirwa kuenderana nemota.
Voltage: Mota dzinowanzo ongororwa zvichienderana nevoltage yadzo, asi voltage chaiyo yekushanda inogona kunge yakakwira kupfuura iyi (inotsanangurwa nemutyairi). Voltage yakakwira inobatsira kuvandudza mashandiro emota nekukurumidza.
4. Kufambiswa kwemhepo uye kushanda nekukurumidza - zvinhu zvikuru zvisinganyanyi kufuratirwa
Kupinza simba chinhu chikuru chinokanganisa torque yekumhanya kwemota. Mamota ekupinza simba mashoma anogona kukurumidza kushanda, zvichikonzera kushanda zvakanaka pakumhanya kwakanyanya. Kana majoini erobhoti rako achida kutenderera nekukurumidza, kana kuti muchina wako weCNC uchida kuwedzera mwero wekudyisa, unofanira kusarudza mhando dzine inductance shoma.
5. Rudzi rwemugodhi uye nzira yekubuda kwemutsara - ruzivo rwekubatanidza kwemuchina
Mhando dzemugodhi: Optical axis, single flat shaft, double flat shaft, gear shaft. Kucheka kwemhando yeD (single flat shaft) ndiko kunonyanya kushandiswa uye kunogona kudzivirira kubatana kwacho kuti kusatsvedze.
Nzira yekubuda: Nzira yekubatanidza (yakadai se 4-pin kana 6-pin aviation head) iri nyore kuisa nekugadzirisa, uye isarudzo yehunyanzvi.
Danho rechitatu: Mubatsiri akakosha - maitiro ekusarudza mutyairi wemota yestepper
Mota yacho pachayo haigone kushanda uye inofanira kusanganiswa nemutyairi wemota inokwira. Hunhu hwemutyairi hunosarudza zvakananga mashandiro ekupedzisira esystem.
Microstep: Kamura danho rose kuita nhanho dzakawanda (dzakadai se16, 32, 256 microsteps). Basa guru re micro step nderekuita kuti kufamba kwemota kuve kwakapfava, zvichideredza zvikuru kudedera uye ruzha, izvo zvakakosha pamhando yepamusoro yezvishandiso zvemuchina weCNC.
Kudzora kwazvino: Vatyairi vakanaka vane basa rehafu yemagetsi otomatiki. Vanoderedza magetsi otomatiki kana mota isingachinji, zvichideredza kugadzirwa kwekupisa uye kushandiswa kwesimba.
Machipisi/mamodule emutyairi akajairika:
Chikamu chekupinda: A4988- Mutengo wakaderera, wakakodzera mapurojekiti ari nyore erobhoti.
Sarudzo Yakakosha: TMC2208/TMC2209- Inotsigira kutyaira chinyararire (StealthShop mode), inoshanda chinyararire zvikuru, isarudzo yakanaka kwazvo yematurusi emuchina weCNC, uye inopa mabasa ekudzora epamusoro.
Kushanda kwepamusoro: DRV8825/TB6600- inopa rutsigiro rwemagetsi nemagetsi akakwira, zvakakodzera kushandiswa kunoda torque yakakura.
Yeuka: mutyairi akanaka anogona kuwedzera kugona kwemota.
Danho rechina: Maitiro Ekusarudza Zvinoshanda uye Mafungiro Asiri Akajairika
Nzira yekusarudza matanho mana:
Tsanangura mutoro: Tsanangura zvakajeka huremu hwepamusoro, kukurumidza kunodiwa, uye kumhanya kunodiwa nemuchina wako kuti ufambe.
Verenga torque: Shandisa karukureta ye torque yepamhepo kana fomura yemakanika kuti uverenge torque inodiwa.
Kusarudzwa kwekutanga kwemota: Sarudza mamodheru maviri kusvika matatu anoenderana nezvinodiwa ne torque nehukuru, uye enzanisa ma curve avo ekumhanya kwe torque.
Mutyairi wemutambo: Sarudza module yemutyairi yakakodzera uye simba remagetsi zvichibva pane phase current yemota uye mabasa anodiwa (akadai semute, high division).
Pfungwa Dzisiri Dzechokwadi Dzinowanzoonekwa (Gwaro Rekudzivirira Makomba):
Pfungwa Isina Kujeka 1: Kana torque yakakura, zviri nani. Torque yakawandisa inoreva mota dzakakura, huremu hwakanyanya, uye kushandiswa kwesimba kwakawanda, izvo zvinonyanya kukanganisa majoini erobhoti.
Pfungwa Isina Kujeka 2:Ingotarisa pakuchengetedza torque woregeredza torque inomhanyisa nekukurumidza. Mota ine torque yakakwira pakumhanya kwakaderera, asi sezvo kumhanya kuchiwedzera, torque inoderera. Ita shuwa yekutarisa chati yekukombama kwe torque.
Pfungwa Isina Kujeka 3: Kusakwana kwemagetsi. Simba ndiro sosi yesimba remuchina. Simba risina simba harigone kufambisa mota kuti ishande nesimba rayo rose. Voltage yesimba inofanira kunge iri pakati pevoltage yakayerwa yemutyairi, uye simba remagetsi rinofanira kunge rakakura kupfuura 60% yehuwandu hwemagetsi ese emota.
Danho rechishanu: Kufungisisa Kwepamusoro - Ndirini Patinofanira Kufunga Nezve Closed Loop Systems?
Mota dzechinyakare dzestepper dzinodzorwa ne open-loop, uye kana mutoro wacho wakakura zvakanyanya uye uchiita kuti mota "irase nhanho", controller haakwanise kuzviziva. Ichi chikanganiso chinouraya kune mashandisirwo anoda kuvimbika kwe100%, senge machining eCNC emhando yepamusoro.
Mota ye closed-loop stepper inobatanidza encoder iri kumashure kwemota, iyo inogona kutarisa nzvimbo yacho munguva chaiyo uye kugadzirisa zvikanganiso. Inobatanidza mabhenefiti e torque yakakwira yemota dze stepper uye kuvimbika kwemota dze servo. Kana purojekiti yako:
Hapana njodzi yekutsauka inotenderwa.
Zvinodiwa kushandisa zvizere mashandiro epamusoro emota (yakavharwa-loop inogona kupa kumhanya kwakanyanya).
Inoshandiswa pazvigadzirwa zvekutengeserana.
Saka, kuisa mari muhurongwa hwe closed-loop stepper kwakakosha.
Mhedziso
Kusarudza mota ye micro stepper yakakodzera robhoti rako kana muchina weCNC iinjiniya yesystem inoda kutariswa kwakazara kwezvinhu zvemakanika, zvemagetsi, uye zvekudzora. Hapana mota 'yakanakisisa', ingori mota 'yakakodzera' chete.
Kuti tipfupise pfungwa huru, kutanga kubva pamamiriro ekushandisa, marobhoti anonyanya kukoshesa mashandiro anochinja uye huremu, ukuwo maCNC machine tools achikoshesa static torque uye kugadzikana. Bata zvakasimba ma parameter akakosha e torque, current, uye inductance, uye uzvishongedze ne driver yakanaka uye magetsi akakwana. Kuburikidza nenhungamiro iri muchinyorwa chino, ndinotarisira kuti unogona kusarudza nechivimbo chirongwa chako chinotevera chikuru, uchive nechokwadi chekuti zvisikwa zvako zvinoshanda nemazvo, zvine simba, uye zvakavimbika.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-25-2025