Mbatatisi inopisa! "- Uku kunogona kunge kuri kubata kwekutanga kune mainjiniya, vagadziri, uye vadzidzi vakawanda pama micro stepper motors panguva yekugadzirisa purojekiti. Chinhu chinowanzoitika kune ma micro stepper motors kuti abudise kupisa panguva yekushanda. Asi chakakosha ndechekuti, kupisa kwakangoita sei? Uye kupisa kwakadii kunoratidza dambudziko?

Kupisa kwakanyanya hakungodzikisi kushanda kwemotokari, torque, uye kurongeka, asi zvakare inomhanyisa kuchembera kwemukati kuchembera mukufamba kwenguva, zvichizotungamira mukukuvadzwa zvachose kumota. Kana iwe uri kunetseka nekupisa kwema micro stepper motors pane yako 3D printer, CNC muchina, kana robhoti, saka chinyorwa ichi ndechako. Isu tichaongorora izvo zvinokonzeresa kupisa uye kukupa iwe 5 nekukurumidza kutonhora mhinduro.

Chikamu 1: Root chikonzero chekuongorora - nei micro stepper mota ichiburitsa kupisa?

Chekutanga, zvinodikanwa kujekesa pfungwa yakakosha: kupisa kweiyo micro stepper motors hazvidzivisike uye hazvigone kudzivirirwa zvachose. Kupisa kwaro kunonyanya kubva pamativi maviri:

1. Kurasika kwesimbi (core kurasikirwa): Iyo stator yemota inogadzirwa neyakaturikidzana silicon simbi mashiti, uye iyo inochinjika magineti inoburitsa eddy mafungu uye hysteresis mairi, ichikonzera kupisa chizvarwa. Ichi chikamu chekurasikirwa chine hukama nekumhanya kwemota (frequency), uye iyo yakakwira kumhanya, iyo yakakura kurasikirwa kwesimbi kunowanzo.

2. Kurasika kwemhangura (kupeta kuramba kurasikirwa): Iyi ndiyo sosi huru yekupisa uye zvakare chikamu chatinogona kutarisa pakugadzirisa. Inotevera mutemo waJoule: P=I ² × R.

P (kupera simba): Simba rakashandurwa zvakananga kuita kupisa.

Ini (ikozvino):Ikozvino inoyerera kuburikidza nemotor winding.

R (Kupikisa):Kupikiswa kwemukati kwemotor winding.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, huwandu hwekupisa hunogadzirwa hunoenderana neskweya yezvino. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyange kuwedzera kudiki kwezvino kunogona kutungamira kune yakapetwa kaviri kupisa mukupisa. Anenge ese emhinduro dzedu anotenderedza maitiro ekuita nesainzi izvi zvazvino (I).

Chikamu 2: Zvikonzero zvikuru zvishanu - Ongororo yezvikonzero chaizvo zvinotungamira kupisa kwakanyanya

Kana tembiricha yemota yakakwira zvakanyanya (sekunyanya kupisa kubata, kazhinji inodarika 70-80 ° C), inowanzo konzerwa nechimwe kana zvimwe zvezvikonzero zvinotevera:

Mhosva yekutanga ndeyokuti kutyaira ikozvino kwakaiswa zvakanyanya

Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa uye yekutanga yekuongorora. Kuti vawane torque yakakura yekubuda, vashandisi vanowanzo shandura yazvino inodzora potentiometer pane vatyairi (seA4988, TMC2208, TB6600) zvakawandisa. Izvi zvakakonzera zvakananga kumhepo yemhepo (I) inodarika zvakanyanya kukosha kwemotokari, uye maererano neP = I ² × R, kupisa kwakawedzera zvakanyanya. Rangarira: kuwedzera kwe torque kunouya pamutengo wekupisa.

Chechipiri muparadzi: Magetsi asina kunaka uye maitiro ekutyaira

Supply voltage yakawandisa: Iyo stepper mota sisitimu inotora "constant current drive", asi yakakwira yekugovera voltage inoreva kuti mutyairi anogona "kusundira" ikozvino mumotor inomonereka nekumhanya nekukurumidza, izvo zvinobatsira mukuvandudza-kumhanya kwekuita. Nekudaro, pakumhanya kwakaderera kana pakuzorora, yakawandisa voltage inogona kukonzera yazvino kuti icheke kakawanda, ichiwedzera kurasikirwa kwekuchinja uye kuita kuti mutyairi nemota dzipise.

Kwete kushandisa micro stepping kana kusakwana kupatsanura:Mune yakazara nhanho modhi, yazvino waveform is square wave, uye ikozvino inoshanduka zvakanyanya. Iko kukosha kwazvino mucoil inongoerekana yachinja pakati pe0 uye kukosha kwepamusoro, zvichikonzera yakakura torque ripple uye ruzha, uye yakaderera kunyatsoshanda. Uye micro stepping inotsvedzerera yazvino shanduko curve (inenge sine wave), inoderedza kurasikirwa kweharmonic uye torque ripple, inomhanya zvakanyanya, uye kazhinji inoderedza avhareji yekupisa chizvarwa kusvika pamwero wakati.

Mutadzi wechitatu: Kuwedzeredza kana matambudziko emagetsi

Kupfuura zvakayerwa mutoro: Kana iyo mota ikashanda pasi pemutoro padhuze kana kudarika torque yayo yekubata kwenguva yakareba, kuti ikunde kushorwa, mutyairi acharamba achipa yakakwira ikozvino, zvichikonzera kupisa kwakanyanya.

Mechanical friction, misalignment, uye jamming: Kuisa zvisungo zvekubatanidza, njanji dzisina kunaka, uye zvinhu zvekunze mune sikuruu yekutungamirira zvese zvinogona kukonzera mitoro yekuwedzera uye isingakodzeri pamota, ichimanikidza kushanda nesimba uye kugadzira kupisa kwakawanda.

Mutadzi wechina: Kusarudzwa kwemotokari kusina kunaka

Bhiza diki richidhonza ngoro huru. Kana iyo purojekiti pachayo ichida torque yakakura, uye ukasarudza mota idiki muhukuru (sekushandisa NEMA 17 kuita NEMA 23 basa), zvino inogona kungoshanda pasi pekuremerwa kwenguva yakareba, uye kupisa kwakanyanya mugumisiro usingadzivisiki.

Mutadzi wechishanu: Nzvimbo yekushanda isina kunaka uye mamiriro asina kunaka ekupisa kupisa

High ambient tembiricha: Iyo mota inoshanda munzvimbo yakavharwa kana munzvimbo ine zvimwe zvinopisa zvinopisa zviri padyo (senge 3D printa mibhedha kana laser misoro), iyo inoderedza zvakanyanya kupisa kwayo kupisa.

Insufficient natural convection: Iyo mota pachayo inzvimbo yekupisa. Kana mhepo yakapoteredza isingatendereri, kupisa hakugoni kutakurwa panguva yakakodzera, zvichiita kuti kupisa kuwedzere uye kuenderera mberi kwekushisa kunowedzera.

Chikamu 3: Dzinoshanda Solutions -5 Inoshanda Kutonhodza Nzira dzeMicro Stepper Motor Yako

Pashure pokunge taziva chikonzero chacho, tinogona kupa mushonga wakakodzera. Ndokumbirawo gadzirisa uye gadzirisa nenzira inotevera:

Solution 1: Nemazvo seta yekutyaira ikozvino (inonyanya kushanda, nhanho yekutanga)

Operation nzira:Shandisa multimeter kuyera yazvino referensi voltage (Vref) pamutyairi, uye verenga inoenderana yazvino kukosha zvinoenderana neformula (yakasiyana mafomula evatyairi vakasiyana). Gadzirisa ku70% -90% yeyakayerwa chikamu chazvino chemota. Semuenzaniso, mota ine yakayerwa ikozvino ye1.5A inogona kuiswa pakati pe1.0A ne1.3A.

Sei zvichiita: Iyo inoderedza zvakananga ini mune yekupisa chizvarwa fomula uye inoderedza kupisa kurasikirwa neskweya nguva. Kana torque yakakwana, iyi ndiyo nzira inodhura-inoshanda yekutonhodza.

Solution 2: Optimize voltage yekutyaira uye gonesa micro stepping

Dhiraivha voltage: Sarudza voltage inoenderana nekumhanyisa zvaunoda. Kune akawanda edesktop application, 24V-36V chiyero chinorova chiyero chakanaka pakati pekuita uye kupisa chizvarwa. Dzivisa kushandisa yakawandisa high voltage 

Gonesa yakakwira kupatsanura micro stepping: Isa mutyairi kune yakakwirira micro stepping mode (senge 16 kana 32 kupatsanura). Izvi hazvingounzi kufamba kwakapfava uye kwakanyarara, asi zvakare kunoderedza kurasikirwa kweharmonic nekuda kweiyo yakatsetseka waveform, iyo inobatsira kudzikisa kupisa chizvarwa panguva yepakati uye yakaderera-kumhanya kushanda.

Solution 3: Kuisa kupisa sinks uye kumanikidzwa mhepo kutonhora (pamuviri kupisa dissipation)

Heat dissipation zvimbi: Kune akawanda madiki stepper motors (kunyanya NEMA 17), kunamatira kana kusungirira aruminiyamu alloy heat dissipation fins pane mota imba ndiyo nzira yakananga uye ine hupfumi. Kupisa kunyura kunowedzera zvakanyanya nzvimbo yekupisa kupisa pamusoro pemota, uchishandisa yakasikwa convection yemhepo kubvisa kupisa.

Kutonhodzwa kwemhepo: Kana kupisa kunyura kusati kwave kwakanaka, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakavharirwa, kuwedzera feni diki (senge 4010 kana 5015 fan) yekumanikidza kutonhora kwemhepo ndiyo yekupedzisira mhinduro. Kuyerera kwemhepo kunogona kukurumidza kutakura kupisa, uye kutonhora kwakakosha zvakanyanya. Iyi ndiyo yakajairika tsika pane 3D maprinta uye CNC michina.

Solution 4: Optimize Drive Settings (Advanced Techniques)

Mazhinji emazuva ano akangwara madhiraivha, anopa yepamusoro ikozvino kutonga mashandiro:

StealthShop II&SpreadCycle: Nechinhu ichi chakagoneswa, kana mota yakamira kwenguva yakati rebei, iyo yekutyaira ikozvino inodzikira kusvika pa50% kana kutodzika kweiyo inoshanda ikozvino. Nekuda kwekuti mota iri pakubata kwenguva yakawanda, basa iri rinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kudziyisa.

Nei zvichishanda: Hungwaru manejimendi yezvino, kupa simba rakakwana pazvinenge zvichidikanwa, kuderedza tsvina pazvisingadiwi, uye nekuchengetedza zvakananga simba uye kutonhora kubva kunobva.

Solution 5: Tarisa chimiro chemuchina uye sarudzazve (yakakosha mhinduro)

Mechanical inspection: Nemaoko tenderedza mota shaft (mune simba-off state) uye unzwe kana yakatsetseka. Tarisa iyo yese yekufambisa sisitimu kuti uone kuti hapana nzvimbo dzekusimba, kupokana, kana kudhumhana. Iyo yakatsetseka mechanicha system inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mutoro pamota.

Sarudzo zvakare: Kana mushure mekuedza nzira dzese dziri pamusoro, mota ichiri kupisa uye torque haina kukwana, saka zvingangoita kuti mota yakasarudzwa idiki. Kutsiva mota nechikumbiro chakakura (sekusimudzira kubva kuNEMA 17 kuenda kuNEMA 23) kana yakakwira yakayerwa ikozvino, uye kuibvumira kushanda mukati menzvimbo yayo yekunyaradza, zvinongogadzirisa dambudziko rekudziya.

Tevedza maitiro ekuongorora:

Kutarisana neiyo micro stepper mota nekudziya kwakanyanya, unogona kugadzirisa dambudziko nekutevera maitiro anotevera:

Motor iri kupisa zvakanyanya

Danho 1: Tarisa kana dhiraivha yazvino yaiswa zvakanyanya?

Danho rechipiri: Tarisa kana mekiniki mutoro wakanyanya kurema kana kukwesha kwakakwira?

Danho rechitatu: Isa midziyo yekutonhodza yemuviri

Batanidza singi yekupisa

Wedzera kumanikidza kutonhora kwemhepo (diki fan)

Tembiricha yawedzera here?

Danho rechina: Funga kusarudza patsva uye kutsiva neyakakura modhi modhi